阿联酋员工入职和离职清单

输入第一个工作日，即可为各步骤标注日期。

1. 录用要约和 MOHRE 工作许可

   在 MOHRE 签发工作许可之前，任何人不得开始工作。从境外招聘的，MOHRE 的工作许可服务需要由雇主和员工签署的该部录用要约表格。雇主不得向员工收取任何招聘费用或开支。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 6(1) 条和第 6(4) 条；MOHRE 服务“Issuance of a New Work Permit – Overseas”

   官方来源

   • “It is not permissible to undertake work in the UAE and the employer may not recruit or employ any worker, except after obtaining a work permit from the Ministry as per the provisions of this Decree-Law and its Implementing Regulation.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 6(1) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   • “The employer is prohibited from charging the worker for the fees and costs of recruitment and employment or collecting them from him, whether directly or indirectly.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 6(4) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   • “The official job offer form issued by the Ministry, signed by both the employer and employee.”

     MOHRE service “Issuance of a New Work Permit – Overseas”

   工具: 录用通知书

2. 在 MOHRE 登记劳动合同

   在员工入境阿联酋或变更身份后 60 天内提交 MOHRE 劳动合同。合同一式两份，雇主和员工各执一份。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 8(1) 条；MOHRE 服务“Issuance/Renewal of Employment Contracts”

   官方来源

   • “The application must be submitted within 60 days of the employee's entry into the country or the change in status.”

     MOHRE service “Issuance/Renewal of Employment Contracts”

   • “The contract shall be made in two copies; one copy shall be kept by the employer and the other shall be handed over to the worker, as per the forms specified by the Implementing Regulation hereof.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 8(1) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   工具: 工资计算器 · 员工成本

3. 医疗保险

   在迪拜，雇主必须为员工提供医疗保险；家属的保险由担保人负责。保险是办理居留许可的条件，因此请在居留办理期内安排好。

   依据: 迪拜卫生局；u.ae（2013 年迪拜第 11 号法律）

   官方来源

   • “In the emirate of Dubai, employers are required to provide health insurance coverage for their employees. Sponsors are required to get insurance cover for their resident dependents.”

     u.ae — Getting health insurance

   • “All resident expatriates working for Dubai registered companies (including Free Zone entities) must receive at least a basic level of cover as stipulated by Dubai Health Authority and paid for by the employer.”

     Dubai Health Authority, health insurance FAQ

   工具: 员工成本

4. 体检、阿联酋身份证和居留签证

   工作入境许可允许自入境起 60 天内完成居留手续：体检（18 岁及以上）、提交阿联酋身份证申请并采集生物特征，然后由 ICP（在迪拜为 GDRFA）签发居留许可。MOHRE 的员工指南说明，居留手续由雇主办理，不得向员工收费。

   依据: ICP 2024 年服务指南“Issue of Entry Permit for work”；迪拜 GDRFA；u.ae；MOHRE“Know Your Rights”

   官方来源

   • “The period of stay is (60) days to complete the requirements for issuing a residence permit.”

     ICP Services Guide 2024, “Issue of Entry Permit for work”

   • “Foreigner is given a work entry visa that allows them to remain in the country for (60) sixty days from the date of entry until the completion of the requirements for obtaining residency (federal or local government sector, private sector, domestic service workers).”

     GDRFA Dubai, “Visa Issuance for Foreigners linked with Job Contract”

   • “A residence visa requires applicants who are 18 and above to undergo a medical test to prove that they are medically fit. They must also pass a security check and apply for an Emirates ID card from Federal Authority for Identity and Citizenship.”

     u.ae — General provisions for the residence visa

   • “The employer with whom you have agreed upon concluding a contract shall be responsible for carrying out the procedures for obtaining your residency permit, without having you bear any expenses in this respect.”

     MOHRE, “Know Your Rights” (2024)

5. 失业保险（ILOE）：由员工参保

   ILOE 保单由员工购买，保费由员工缴纳。2023 年 1 月 1 日之后受雇的员工，如在持工作入境许可入境或变更身份后四个月内未参保，将被罚款 AED 400。豁免对象：拥有并经营企业的投资者、家政工、临时合同员工、未满 18 岁的人，以及重新就业的养老金领取者。

   依据: 2022 年第 13 号联邦法令（Federal Decree-Law No. 13 of 2022）；2022 年第 97 号内阁决议第 2 条和第 8 条；2022 年第 604 号部长决议第 11(2) 条（MOHRE 的非官方英文译本）

   官方来源

   • “All workers/employees of the Federal Government and Private Sectors shall subscribe to the Unemployment Insurance Scheme through purchasing an insurance policy whereby the insured insures himself in the event of termination of his service in accordance with the relevant cases of eligibility.”

     Cabinet Resolution No. 97 of 2022, Art. 2

   • “As per paragraph (1) of this Article, fines specified in this decision shall apply to employees subject to the provisions of the aforementioned Decree-Law No (13) of 2022, who were employed or recruited after January 1, 2023, and did not enroll to the scheme within four months of entering the country under an entry permit for work, or after they changed their status, or after the initial approval of their work permit by the Ministry in cases where a status modification is not required.”

     Ministerial Resolution No. 604 of 2022, Art. 11(2) (MOHRE file, “not an official translation”)

   • “a fine to be collected by the Ministry in the amount of (AED 400) four hundred dirhams in case of the worker's/employee's failure to subscribe to the Scheme, and (AED 200) two hundred dirhams in the event of the insured's failure to pay the prescribed insurance premiums for more than (3) three months.”

     Cabinet Resolution No. 97 of 2022, Art. 8

6. 通过 WPS 发放第一笔工资

   每个月的工资于下个月 1 日到期，并通过工资保护系统发放；这一日期就是入职当月的第一个发薪日。第 340 号决议没有为新员工规定任何宽限期（30 天的新员工豁免规定在已废止的 2022 年第 598 号决议中）。

   依据: 2026 年第 340 号部长决议第 1 条和第 4 条

   官方来源

   • “The first day of each Gregorian month shall be designated as the unified due date for the payment of workers’ wages in private sector establishments for the preceding Gregorian month.”

     Ministerial Resolution No. 340 of 2026, Art. 1(1)

   • “All establishments registered with the Ministry shall pay the wages of their workers on the due date specified in Clause (1) of this Article, through the Wage Protection System approved by the Ministry, or any other systems adopted by the Ministry for this purpose.”

     Ministerial Resolution No. 340 of 2026, Art. 1(2)

   工具: WPS 发薪期限 · 工资单生成器

7. 在试用期内发出通知终止雇佣的最后一天

   雇主可以在试用期内至少提前 14 天发出书面通知终止雇佣。如要在试用期最后一天之前终止，请在此日期之前送达通知。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 9(1) 条

   官方来源

   • “The employer may terminate the service of the worker during this period after notifying the latter of the same in writing fourteen (14) days at least before the date specified for the termination of service.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 9(1) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   工具: 通知期 · 解雇通知书

8. 试用期结束

   试用期自第一个工作日起不得超过六个月，且在同一雇主处只能适用一次。员工通过试用期并继续工作的，合同按约定条款继续，试用期计入服务期。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 9(1) 条和第 9(2) 条

   官方来源

   • “The employer may appoint the worker under a probationary period not exceeding (6) six months from the date of commencement of work.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 9(1) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   • “It is not permissible to appoint a worker under probationary period more than once at one employer, and if the worker successfully passes the probationary period and continues to work, the contract shall become valid according to the agreed terms. This period shall be counted within the term of service.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 9(2) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   工具: 试用期转正确认函

9. 开始累计年假

   服务超过六个月后，员工每月获得两天带薪假；满一年后，每年至少 30 天。经双方约定，可在试用期内给予休假。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 29(1) 条和第 29(3) 条

   官方来源

   • “Two days for each month if his service term is more than six months and less than a year;”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 29(1)(b) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   • “The employer may agree to grant the worker a leave from his annual leave balance during the probationary period, while the worker shall reserve his right to be compensated for the remainder of his annual leave balance in case he does not pass the probationary period.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 29(3) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   工具: 年假 · 公共假日

输入合同的最后一天，即可为各步骤标注日期。

1. 送达书面通知

   任何一方都可以按合同约定，以 30 至 90 天的书面通知终止合同；在通知期内合同继续有效，并支付全额工资。在试用期内，雇主的通知期为 14 天，转到阿联酋另一家雇主的员工为一个月，离开阿联酋的外籍员工为 14 天。显示的日期是送达通知的最后期限。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 43(1)–(2) 条及第 9(1)、9(3)、9(4) 条

   官方来源

   • “Either party to the employment contract may terminate the contract for any legitimate reason, provided that the other party is notified in writing and work shall be performed during the notice period agreed upon in the contract, provided that such period is not less than (30) thirty days and not more than (90) ninety days.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 43(1) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   • “If the worker wishes to move during the probationary period, to work for another employer in the State, he shall notify the original employer of the same in writing within not less than one month from the date of his wish to terminate the contract.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 9(3) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   • “If the foreign worker wishes to terminate the employment contract during the probationary period, to leave the State, he shall notify the employer of the same in writing not less than fourteen (14) days from the date specified for the termination of the contract.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 9(4) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   工具: 通知期 · 解雇通知书 · 辞职接受函

2. 最后工作日

   合同在通知期届满时终止。下列期限均从这一天起算。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 43(2) 条

   官方来源

   • “The employment contract continues to be valid throughout the notice period referred to in this Article and is terminated upon expiry of such period.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 43(2) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   工具: 离职结算

3. 支付最终应付款项

   在合同结束后 14 天内，支付工资和其他所有应得款项：仍欠付的工资、未休假期的折算金额（按基本工资计算），以及连续服务至少一年的全职外籍员工的服务终止金。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 53 条、第 29(9) 条和第 51 条

   官方来源

   • “The employer shall pay to the worker, within (14) fourteen days from the end date of the contract term, his wages and all his other entitlements stipulated herein and resolutions issued for its implementation, the contract or the establishment’s by-laws.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 53 (MOHRE consolidated text)

   • “The worker shall be entitled to a wage for the accrued leave days if he quits the work before using them, regardless of the leave duration, with respect to the period for which he did not obtain his leave.”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 29(9) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   • “The full-time foreign worker, who completed a year or more in continuous service, shall be entitled to end of service benefits at the end of his service, calculated according to the basic wage”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 51(2) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   工具: 离职结算 · 服务终止金 · 年假

4. ILOE 申领（由员工办理）

   因辞职以外的原因失去工作的员工，须在雇佣关系结束后 30 天内向保险公司申领失业保险金。

   依据: 2022 年第 97 号内阁决议第 12 条

   官方来源

   • “The insured shall submit the claim to the service provider within (30) thirty days from the termination date of employment relationship, by filing an application to benefit from unemployment insurance scheme in accordance with the mechanism specified under a resolution of the Minister and accompanied by the documents evidencing the insured's eligibility for compensation.”

     Cabinet Resolution No. 97 of 2022, Art. 12

   • “The insured person must prove that he/she is unemployed for reasons other than resignation.”

     u.ae — Unemployment insurance scheme

5. 工作经历证明

   合同结束时，应员工要求免费出具：写明开始和结束日期、服务总期限、职位、最后工资以及合同终止的原因，且不得包含任何损害员工新就业机会的内容。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 13(11) 条

   官方来源

   • “Giving the worker, as per his request and upon expiry of the employment contract, a certificate of experience, without fees, indicating the date of his commencement of work, the date of its expiry, his entire service term, job title or type of work he was performing, the last wage he was receiving and the reason for the termination of the employment contract”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 13(11) (MOHRE consolidated text)

   工具: 工作经历证明

6. 注销工作许可（MOHRE）

   由雇主申请。MOHRE 要求机构声明员工的应得款项已全额支付，并由员工签字确认收讫（例如身在境外的员工可免于签字）。MOHRE 的服务规则没有规定天数。

   依据: MOHRE 服务“Cancellation of Work Permits and Employment Contracts”；u.ae

   官方来源

   • “An official statement issued by the establishment confirming that the worker's rights, dues and entitlements have been fully satisfied.”

     MOHRE service “Cancellation of Work Permits and Employment Contracts”

   • “Employee's signature indicating their agreement to cancellation, and acknowledging receipt of all labor dues. Excluded from this rule are employees who are overseas, deceased, suffering from contagious diseases or employees who have been administratively canceled, after being removed from the Identity, Nationality, Customs and Port Security System.”

     MOHRE service “Cancellation of Work Permits and Employment Contracts”

7. 注销居留签证（ICP / GDRFA）

   在 MOHRE 注销之后，由担保人向 ICP（在迪拜为 GDRFA）申请注销居留；员工不能自行办理。

   依据: u.ae，居留签证的一般规定

   官方来源

   • “Normally, only the sponsor can cancel your residence visa. You cannot process the application on your own.”

     u.ae — General provisions for the residence visa

   • “If a company decides to cancel an employment visa of its employee, it must first approach Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation with an application to cancel the employee’s labour contract and labour card. The employee must also sign this application. Then, the employer should apply to ICP for visa cancellation.”

     u.ae — General provisions for the residence visa

8. 回程机票

   雇主须承担员工返回招聘地或其他约定地点的费用，除非员工已加入另一家雇主，或合同因可归责于员工的原因而终止。

   依据: 2021 年第 33 号联邦法令第 13(12) 条

   官方来源

   • “Bearing the repatriation expenses of the worker to his place of recruitment or any other place that both parties had agreed upon, unless he has already joined the service of another employer or unless the reason for terminating the contract was attributed to the worker”

     Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021, Art. 13(12) (MOHRE consolidated text)

9. 离境或变更身份的宽限期

   居留注销后，居民可视居留类别获得最长 6 个月的宽限期；逾期停留每天罚款 AED 50。我们未能在官方文本中核实工作居留适用多少天，因此不给出日期：请咨询 ICP 或 GDRFA。

   依据: u.ae；ICP

   官方来源

   • “UAE residents are granted longer flexible grace periods that reach up to 6 months (according to resident category) to stay in the country after the residence permit is cancelled or expired.”

     u.ae — General provisions for the residence visa

   • “تُحتسب غرامة قدرها 50 درهماً عن كل يوم في حال البقاء داخل الدولة ابتداءً من اليوم التالي لانقضاء فترة السماح لتصريح الإقامة بحسب النوع”

     ICP service “Cancel residence permit”